Kum a pronunzer vokali y konsonanti in Eulingu?

[a] - Preferably [a] as in English "star", not [e] as in "crazy" or "land": "Esta una stara" [es'ta u'na sta'ra]
[ae] - As [e] in English "aeroplane": "aeru bonus" [e'ru bo'nus]
[ai] - As [a'i] in German "Kaiser": "Esto trainer tenisu" [es'to tra'i'ne te'ni'su]
[au] - As [a'u] in German "Auto": "Un automotivu magnus" [un a'u'to'mo'ti'vu ma'gnus]
[b] - Always [b] as in "baby": "Estu un babu belus" [es'tu un ba'bu be'lus]
[c] - No sound, as there is no "c" in Eulingu, only "K", "ch", "cz", "s" or "z"
[ch] - Always [tsh] as in Spanish "chica": "Esta una chika belas" [es'ta u'na tshi'ka be'las]
[cz] - Always [tsh] as in "czech": "Republiku Czekus" [re'pu'bli'ku tshe'kus]
[d] - As [d] in "dental": "Tri denti" [tri den'ti]
[e] - As [e] in English "credit": "Estum apler por un kreditu" [es'tum a'ple por un kre'di'tu]
[eu] - Either as [o'i] or as [yu]: "Europu y Eulingu" [o'i'ro'pu i: o'i'lin'gu/yu'lin'gu]
[f] - As [f] in English "fish": "Sara guster fisku" [sa'ra gus'te fis'ku]
[g] - Mostly [g] as in English "give", in rare occasions as [dsh] as in French "mange": "Esto manger un garnelu" [es'to man'dshe un gar'ne'lu]
[h] - As [h] in German "Hotel": "Estun preferer un hotelu" [es'tun pre'fe're un ho'te'lu]
[i] - Preferably as [i] in English "list" or in German "Frist", not recommended [ai] as in English "tide": "Esti leser uni listi" [es'ti le'se u'ni lis'ti]
[j] - Always pronounced as [dsh] as in English "jet": "Estum fliger in un jetu" [es'tum fli'ge in un dshe'tu]
[k] - As [k] in German "Konto": "Estum aver un kontu d'banku" [es'tum a've un kon'tu d'ban'ku]
[kh] - As [kh] in Russian "xop" (khor), but mostly replaced by "k" [k]: "Estu orkhestru y khoru d'Rusu" [es'tu or'k(h)es'tru i: k(h)o'ru d'ru'su]
[kv] - As [kv] in Scandinavian "kvalitet": "Estu un kvalitu bonus" [es'tu un kva'li'tu bo'nus]
[l] - As [l] in English "letter": "Esta skriber un letru a sa amika" [es'ta skri'be un le'tru a sa a'mi'ka]
[m] - As [m] in "moment": "un momentu, por favoru" [un mo'men'tu por fa'vo'ru]
[n] - As [n] in German "nun": "Pablo parler tri lingi" [pa'blo par'le tri lin'gi]
[o] - As [o] in Italian "Roma": "Un visitu in Romu/Roma" [un vi'si'tu in ro'mu/ro'ma]
[p] - As [p] in English "prepare": "Mikelo preparer un artiklu d'gazetu" [mi'ke'lo pre'pa're un ar'ti'klu d'ga'tse'tu]
[q] - All "q" have been replaced by "k" in Eulingu, see [k] for sound
[qv] - All "q" have been replaced by "k" in Eulingu, see [k] for sound
[r] - Preferably [r] as in French "recette", not as in English "roger": "Kel est rezeptu d'kaku d'karoti?" [kel est re'tsep'tu d'ka'ku d'ka'ro'ti]
[s] - Preferably as in English "sand" and not as in German "Sandale": "Kvor est stratu?" [kvor est stra'tu]
[t] - As [t] in English "test": "Estum tester kaku d'aprikoti" [es'tum tes'te ka'ku d'a'pri'ko'ti]
[u] - Preferably as [u] in German "Kruste", not as in English "trust" or "universe": "Esta truster-mu" [es'ta trus'te mu]
[v] - As [v] in Italian "vino", not [f] as in German "Vogel": "Marko guster vinu italus" [mar'ko gus'te vi'nu i'ta'lus]
[w] - The letter "w" is not used in Eulingu and mostly replaced by "v", see [v] for sound
[x] - The letter "x" is not used in Eulingu and mostly replaced by "k" or "kh", see [k] and [kh] for sound
[y] - Either as [y] when consonant or as [i] when vowel: "Yana esta una fysika magnas" [ya'na es'ta u'na fi'si'ka ma'gnus]
[z] - The "joker" among the many consonants, preferably [ts] as in German "Zirkus", but also as [sh] or [s] depending on location: "Estun in zentru d'urbu" [es'tun in tsen'tru d'ur'bu]

© 2011 Amiki d'Eulingu

U basu d'Gramatiku d'Eulingu - The Basics of Eulingu's Grammar

Europu. Eulingu is easy, at least that is what we are aiming for. It is a language project and derives from the various languages and cultures of Europe. Eulingu is still in development and everyone can contribute. In this blog we will show you how simple it is to create first words - even sentences - in Eulingu and how the grammar is working. If it does not make sense immediately, don't worry, it took us some time to get to this stage.

So, let's get started. Well, Eulingu is a new language to unite the people of Europe in one tongue, in Eulingu we would say "estu Eulingu un lingu novus a uner i populi d'Europu in un tongu". But why do we construct it in this way? Let's have a closer look:

EU Estu Eulingu un lingu novus a uner i populi d'Europu in un tongu
EN Eulingu is a new language to unite the people of Europe in one tongue

What we actually wrote was:

Is-it Eulingu a language new to unite the people(s) of'Europe in one tongue

"Estu" therefore means "it is" or "this is", so whenever we feel to explain something quickly we can use the "estu" combination, e.g. "it is good" - "estu bonus" or "it is bad" - "estu malus".

But why do we say "bonus" and "malus" and not "bon" or "mal" which seem easier to pronounce and look much more attractive? Yes, we totally agree! But in order to use "bon" and "mal" in the future we need to be familiar with "bonus" and "malus" (as adjectives) first. Let's include "novus" from our example in our explanation and the noun "lingu".

"Un lingu novus" - A new language

We like to decribe Eulingu as the "U-lingu" [yu:'lin'gu:] as we use the "-u" ending quite often for simplicity reasons (but also as an indicator that it is "your language"). The suffix "-u" allows us to render a term "genderless", "un lingu" therefore is neither masculine nor feminine, but simply neutral. So, every noun which is not masculine (with the ending -o) or feminine (with the ending -a) falls into this category. Uni eksempli (some examples):

Un vehiklu - a vehicle/car
Un tongu - a tongue
Un palastu - a palace
Un animalu - an animal
Un batu - a boat
Un amiku d'Eulingu - a (genderless) friend of Eulingu
Un skriburu - a (genderless) writer
Estu un tablu - this is a table
Estu Europu - this is Europu

Well, if we know the gender of a term or a person ("-ur"/"-ist", can also be used for things), we can include it in our construct by adding "-a" or "-o":

Una aktura - an actress
Uno skriburo - a (male) writer
Esta una artista belas - she is a beautiful (female) artist
Esto Pablo uno linguisto - Pablo (he) is a (male) linguist
Esta una danzura grandas - she is a great (female) dancer
Esto uno musikuro famos - he is a famous (male) musician

So, let's go back to our first example with "lingu" which we now know is a neutral term, why did we add "novus" after "lingu" and not before? Well, "it looks sexy!" is the simple answer. And why not "novu", "nova", "novo" and "nove" with or without the "-s"? Well, in this case the preceding term "lingu" dictates the ending which is genderless, so we need to stick with the "-u". The "-s" in "-us" simply indicates that it is an adjective and not a noun. It is all about consistency and simplicity. Have a look at the example above:

Esta una danzura grandas - she is a great (female) dancer

In this case the adjective changes to "grandas" as we are dealing with a female dancer (-a), if the dancer was genderless (-u) or "its" gender unknown to us we would say "un danzuru grandus", if it was male we simply whisper in admiration: "Esto uno danzuro grandos".

Half way through our example or "eksemplu" (as we say in Eulingu):

EU Estu Eulingu un lingu novus a uner i populi d'Europu in un tongu
EN Eulingu is a new language to unite the people of Europe in one tongue

Verbs are easy, simply add an "-er" to a term and create your first sentence:

"Estum parler Eulingu" - I speak Eulingu

If you don't speak Eulingu (yet), pick another language ("estum parler Anglus" - I speak English) or simply say "n'estum parler Eulingu" which is short for "non estum parler Eulingu" or "estum non parler Eulingu" (we are flexible here).

Well, the aim of Eulingu is to unite Europeans or the people of Europe ("i populi d'Europu") in "one tongue". Why do we say "i populi" and not "u populu"? Well, in this case we use the plural as we are referring to more than one person. While the English language does not make a particular distinction between singular and plural (similar to "information", "fish" or "sheep") when it comes to "people" (unless we talk about countries/tribes), Eulingu aligns with other European languages (such as German) in order to be precise and unambiguous.

U populu/i populi - the people (better person)/the people (better persons)
U lingu/i lingi - the language/the languages
Un kantu/i kanti - a song/the songs
Un eksemplu/i eksempli/uni eksempli - an example/the examples/some examples

Can I drop the "u" and the "i" which precede the noun? Yes, you can. What we present here is "Surlingu", the standard version of Eulingu. We need a fixed and working language first to be able to make room for a simpler (maybe less consistent) version ("Slangu") at a later stage. But if you already feel advanced enough, drop it:

Estu Eulingu un lingu novus a uner populi d'Europu in un tongu

Finally, let's have a look at "d'Europu" which indicates - we presume - some kind of genetive, "of Europe". The apostrophe is there for two reasons, 1) to show that "d" is genderless as there is no "-a" or "-o" ending (even "-u", as "du" might trigger some kind of French "ressentiment"), and 2) so it can be glued to the noun (in this case "Europu"). Uni eksempli:

I amiki d'Eulingu - the friends of Eulingu
U basu d'gramatiku d'Eulingu - The basics of Eulingu's grammar
I kolori d'oktobru - the colours of October
I lingi d'Europu - the languages of Europu
Una aktura d'teatru - a theater actress
Uno musikuro d'stagu - a (male) stage musician

Well, we hope you enjoyed your first "grammar session" and would be happy to see and hear from you again in the near future...to be continued. :-)

© 2011 Amiki d'Eulingu

Eulingu - Summary Part I

Es Eulingu un projektu novus a develope un lingu simplus kel une li populi europis in 'un tongu'. Estun demonstre multu respektu por li multi kulturi d'Europu, zelebre su diversitu grandus i reflekte si elementi kulturis i lingis in le develope d'Eulingu.

 

Li sufiksi
Eulingu is defined by its suffixes which make it easy to recognise and to identify 'neuter' (-u), 'female' (-a) or 'male' (-o) nouns. The plural is created with '-i' (neuter), '-ai' (female) or '-oi' (male). Nevertheless, in Slangu (Eulingu Slang) the ending '-ai' or '-oi' is replaced by a simple '-i', e.g. 'li femi' (the women). Everything related to 'action' uses the suffix '-e' (le skribe - the writing, esta skribe - she writes/is writing). Quality (adverb/adjective) is added through a final '-s' (esta skribe rapides - she writes/is writing fast, le skribe rapides d'Pero- the fast writing of Pero, un vehiklu rapidus - a fast car/vehicle, uno amiko grandos - a great 'male' friend, la fema petitas - the small woman, tri viri italis - three Italian men).

 

Li 4 tempi
Furthermore, Eulingu knows only four 'tempi': Present, Past and Future I and Future II. In order to have basic communication we are convinced that we do not need more than 4 tenses at the current stage. Everything else would be scientific, advanced or poetic Eulingu. Basic Eulingu is using so-called indicators to set the 'correct timing':

 

1) Present tense - Est
This is happening at the moment or on a regular basis. We do not differentiate between those two events and take it 'as it is'.

 

Estum/em - I am
Estut - You are (sgl)
Esto - He is
Esta - She is
Estu/es - It is
Estun - We are
Estuv - You are (pl)
Esti - They are

 

Uni eksempli:
A Luntagu em beve un espresu - On Monday I am drinking an espresso
Esto aude a musiku - He listens/is listening to music
Sara (esta) plaze sur un stul - Sarah sits/is sitting on a stool
Es grandus! - It is great!
Esti ame nu lingu - They love/are loving our language

 

2) Past tense - Ver
Everything that happened in the past stays in the 'past'. Based on the word 'veru' (truth) it looks at the past as something complete, true and fulfilled.

 

Verum - I was
Verut - You were (sgl)
Vero - He was
Vera - She was
Veru - It was
Verun - We were
Veruv - You were (pl)
Veri - They were

 

Uni eksempli:
Verut skribe un letru a tu amiku - You wrote/did write/were writing a letter to your friend
Pero vero vade a un pub - Pero (he) went/did go/was going to a pub
Olga vera non guste li pinti - Olga (she) did not like/was not liking the pictures
Lo patro i la matra veri vade a festu d'Pero - The father and the mother (they) went/did go/were going to Pero's party

 

3) Future I tense - Vol
Future I is looking at the furture, especially at what one wishes to achieve.

 

Volum - I will/want/would like to
Volut - You will/want/would like to (sgl)
Volo - He will/wants/would like to
Vola - She will/wants/would like to
Volu - It will/wants/would like to
Volun - We will/want/would like to
Voluv - You will/want/would like to (pl)
Voli - They will/want/would like to

 

Uni eksempli:
Volum pinte un korpu - I will/want/would like to paint a body
Lu amiku volu skribe un letru a Sara - The 'neuter' friend (it/he/she) will/wants/would like to write a letter to Sarah

 

4) Future II tense - Vad
Also looking at the future this is definitely a more concrete scenario as things are going to happen as planned, e.g. I have entered the train to London shouting back at my friend through the open car window: 'I am going to London by train'.

 

Vadum - I am going to
Vadut - You are going to (sgl)
Vado - He is going to
Vada - She is going to
Vadu - It is going to
Vadun - We are going to
Vaduv - You are going to (pl)
Vadi - They are going to

 

Uni eksempli:
Vadum vade a mu domu - I am going to my house
Larisa vada rekorde un partu d'musiku - Larissa (she) is going to record a piece of music
Vaduv beve un otru bevu? - Are you going to drink another drink? (pl)

 

Summary
In a nutshell this is how basic Eulingu works. It is consistent and allows for quick and unambiguous understanding. You can easily form sentences when you know the correct tense indicator or suffix. Go for it! :-)

 

Kes estut pense? What do you think? Was denkst du?

 

© 2012 Amiki d'Eulingu

Gramatiku - The letter "e" it is :-)

A person doing something has the suffix "-eru/eri" (neuter), "-era/erai" (female) or "-ero/eroi" (male), e.g.:

EUL Es mu amiku un skriberu. Multi d'mi amiki esti skriberi.

ENG My 'neuter' friend (it) is a writer. Many of my 'neuter' friends (they) are 'neuter' writers.
DEU Mein 'sächlicher' Freund (er) ist ein 'sächlicher' Schreiber/Schriftsteller. Viele meiner 'sächlichen' Freunde (sie) sind 'sächliche' Schreiber/Schriftsteller.

EUL Esta ma amika una skribera.

ENG My 'female' friend (she) is a 'female' writer.
DEU Meine Freundin (sie) ist eine Schreiberin/Schriftstellerin.

An act of something has the suffix "-e" and is preceded by "le" (or similar me, te, se etc.), e.g.:

EUL Esta Sara i esta una aktera. Esta akte in un teatru petitus in l'urb d'London.

ENG This is Sara and she is an actress. She acts/plays in a small theatre in the city of London.
DEU Sie/das ist Sarah und sie ist eine Akteurin/Schauspielerin. Sie agiert/spielt in einem kleinen Theater in der Stadt London.

EUL Esta Tara, esta una skribera. Em guste se skribe i su libru novus.

ENG She/this is Tara, she is a 'female' writer. I like her writing (style) and her latest book.
DEU Sie/das ist Tara, sie ist eine Schreiberin/Schriftstellerin. Ich mag ihr Schreiben/ihren Schreibstil und ihr neustes Buch.

Summary
Eulingu is defined by its suffixes which make it easy to recognise and to identify 'neuter' (-u), 'female' (-a) or 'male' (-o) nouns. The plural is created with '-i' (neuter), '-ai' (female) or '-oi' (male). Nevertheless, in Slangu (Eulingu Slang) the ending '-ai' or '-oi' is replaced by a simple '-i', e.g. 'li femi' (the women). Everything related to 'action' uses the suffix '-e' (le skribe - the writing, esta skribe - she writes/is writing). Quality (adverb/adjective) is added through a final '-s' (esta skribe rapides - she writes/is writing fast, le skribe rapides d'Pero- the fast writing of Pero, un vehiklu rapidus - a fast car/vehicle, uno amiko grandos - a great 'male' friend, una fema petitas - a small woman, tri viri italis - three Italian men).
 

Kes estut pense? What do you think? Was denkst du?

© 2012 Amiki d'Eulingu